What should a nurse monitor for in a patient at high risk for infection?

Monitoring changes in mental status for a patient at high risk for infection is crucial because alterations in cognitive function can be one of the first indicators of an underlying infection, such as sepsis or pneumonia. Patients may experience confusion, disorientation, or a sudden change in their baseline mental state, which can signal that the body is responding to an infection.

Additionally, changes in mental status can escalate quickly and lead to further complications. Early detection of these signs allows for timely interventions, which are critical in managing the infection and preventing more severe health consequences. Infections can also affect the central nervous system or lead to metabolic changes that impact brain function, making this monitoring even more vital.

Other factors, though important, do not provide the same immediate insight into the potential for infection or its severity. Vital signs, appetite, and activity levels can fluctuate for various reasons, and while they are certainly important to assess, they may not be as direct a measurement of an infection's progression or severity as mental status changes.